Current Perspectives in Aesthetics: Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes for Skin Rejuvenation and Scar Reduction

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Saba Khan MBBS, PG Dip1, Bilal Fazal Shaikh MBBS, MS Plastic Surgery, MRCS, 2 Aaisha Memon MBBS, PG Dip,3, , Raheela Bilal Shaikh 4, MBBS, DGO 4, Syed Zafar Abbas BDS, MCPS 5

Abstract:

Background: We are learning, too, that the love of beauty is one of nature’s greatest healers. Anti-ageing, skin rejuvenation, wound healing, scar mark removal and lightening the hyperpigmentation are few of the many achievable outcomes desired by aesthetic clients. Driving demand for the non-surgical cosmetic treatments has taken the limelight and thus we see effective innovations daily.

Objective: Exosomes are small extracellular Nano-vesicles that are typically 30–200 nanometers in diameter, and they contain a variety of proteins, lipids, and genetic material such as mRNA and miRNA Exosomes have use in cosmetics, skin care, tissue regeneration, and dermatological diseases such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, SLE, alopecia, hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation as it has properties to regulate pigmentation. In this review we are mainly focused on the role of exosomes in skin rejuvenation and scar removal properties.

Methods: This multicenter study was conducted from Jan 2022 to July 2022. Thirty female consecutive participants were injected with exosomes in two sessions with 3 months interval. Evaluations were performed by comparing the pre-and post-improvement of skin, before after photography by participants, therapeutic physician and blindly by a second dermatologist. A search was conducted with the keywords, exosomes, stem cells, skin rejuvenation and scar removal. Exosomes term filtered by relevant subheadings was also utilized.

Results: Studies have demonstrated the therapeutic capabilities of exosomes in scar modulation and skin rejuvenation. In 3 and 6 months follow-ups respectively, moderate to excellent improvement in dark spots (44 4%, 62.9%), fine wrinkles(48.1%, 51.8%), nasolabial fold (22.2%, 33.33%) and skin rigidity (55.5%, 70.3%) reported by patients. Moderate to good improvement in dark spots (40.7%, 55.5%), fine wrinkles (51.8%, 48.1%) nasolabial folds (22.2%, 25.9%) and skin rigidity (44.4%, 59.2%) demonstrated by physician’s evaluation. Moderate to good improvement in dark spots (37.0%, 48.1%), fine wrinkles (29.6%, 40.7%) nasolabial folds (18.5%, 14.8%) and skin rigidity (48.1%, 59.2%) by second dermatologist.

Conclusion: In summary, exosome-based therapies, with their ability to regulate gene expression in pigmentation and facilitate efficient melanin transfer between cells, present a dynamic frontier in medicine. Operating in a paracrine manner, exosomes modulate skin cell interactions, showcasing their potential for practical applications in regenerative medicine across diverse diseases.

Keywords: exosomes, skin rejuvenation, scar reduction

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